Forging press



Apr. 10, 1923. EASQQW l D. R. GILL FORGING PRESS FHed Nov. 28, 1921@sheets-sheet 2 Ams o F Rlswr Hmm Rovon @or PASS Ams or Len Hmm RorouPatented Apr. l0, i923.

www vm DAVID R. GILL, F ERIE, PENNSYLVAN'A, ASSIGNOR OF UNE-HALF T0HAROLD M. STURGEON, @E ERE, PENISYLVANA.

FORGING PRESS.

Application led November 28, 1921. Serialjlo. 518,291.

To all fr0/wm t may concern.'

Be it `known that I, DAVID lt. GILL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Forging Presses; and ldo hereby declare thejfollowing to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart '10 to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference markedthereon, forming part of this specification. y

My invention relates to forging presses, and particularly to that typeof forging press adapted to reduce the diameter of bil lets or othercylindrical bodies.

rlhe object of my invention is to provide a forging mechanism which willexerta continuous pressure on the work-piece, which pressure will travelin a combined eireumferential and longitudinal direction along a portionofthe work-piece as it passes through the mechanism.

In carrying out the objects of my invention I provide a plurality ofrotatable members which are mounted in pairs in the machine, the unitsofeach pair of rotatable members being rotatable on axes diametricallyoffset from the axis of the pass; each unit of a pair of rotatablemembers having` secured thereon a forging-die having a fareofvolute-spiral form, i. e., one end of said and the radius thereofprogressivelydecreasing from the larger end of the smaller end thereof,the :iis of each die being the aXis of the pair of rotatable .members towhich it is secured, and the said dies .being interjacent of each other.

This arrangement of mechanism causes the volute-spiral dies to grasp thework-piece between their opposing ends and cause said workpiece torotate in unison with said dies while the diametric points of contactbetween said dies and the work-piece moves circumferentially andlongitudinally towards the opposite ends of said dies, the pressureexerted by the dies upon the workpiece being regulatedby thelongitudinal feeding of the work-piece with relation to the volutespiralforging surfaces of the dies.

face being out of the plane'of the other end,`

The volute-spiral forging vsurfacesof the dies are substantially oneturn around a circle in length, so that at each complete revolution ofthe dies one end `of the volute` spiral forging surfaces thereofreleases `the work-piece and the otherend thereof grasps the same.

`of each die, thus producing a continuous ,forging operation on thework-piece during the rotation of the mechanism, which gradu allyreduces the diameter of the work-piece 1by forcing` the metal thereof inthe direction of the travel of the squeezingoperation of the dies on thework-piece.

These and other featuresof my invention will appear `hereinafter and areillustrated in thevaccompanying drawings in which Figure l, is a planview lof my improved rotary forging' press.

Figure 2, is a vertical section of the same on the line 2-2 in Fig. l. l

Figure 8, is a plan view of the volutespiral forging diesof my mechanismwith a work-piece grasped between them in the lposition thereofindicated by broken lines in Fig. l.

Figure il, is an end elevation thereof.

Figure 5,.isa side elevation of the volutespiral dies in the positionthereof indicated in section in Fig. 2, said dies grasping vthe smallend of a workpiece.

Figure 6, is a like view of the same after one complete revolutionthereof, showing the same grasping the larger `diameter of `thework-piece.

Figure 7, is a side elevation of one ofthe dies looking into the openside thereof.

Figure 8, is a vertical section of the volutespiral dies and hollowwork-piece, with `a mandrel therein for forming` said billet into atube.

Figure 9, is a like view of the volute-spiral dies andhollow work-piecewith a tapered mandrel for reducing the external and internal diameterthereof. i

In these drawings (see Figs. l and 2) A indicates the base of themachine upon which is secured upright `bracket supports AA.

Upon the adjacent faces of the bracketsupports A', I secure bearingmembers B B, upon which are rotatably mounted gear wheels B B2, androtatable rings b b2, the axis of the gear wheel B and ring b being onthe line 713, and the axis of the wheel B2 and ring b2 being on the lineb4 (see Fig. 2) sai-d axes being diametrically offset from the centerline of the pass as shown in said figure.

The wheels B and B2 and the rings b and b2 are preferably mounted atidentical angles to the center line of the pass as indicated in Fig. l,for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

"'lhesefwheels and rings are provided With anti-friction roller bearingsC for the purpose of eliminating friction.

The bearing members B, B, are preferably insetI into the upright bracketsupports AV and are secured in place by means of tapbolts C and therings b and b2 and their roller bearings are secured on the bearingmembers B by means of dies D D, which are secured in -place thereon bymeans of tapbolts (Z. The brackets A', bearing members B, and dies D `ateach end of the machine are provided with an opening on the center lineof the pass as indicated by broken lines in `Fig. l, and full lines inFig. 2, through which' the work-piece passes.

Secured to the wheel B at diametrically opposite points are plates E E,which extend laterally therefrom over t-he ring 7a2 and are bolted orotherwise secured to the ring bat the opposite end of the machine.

`when the Wheels B and B2 are rotated, the

plates E E and E E and the rings Z9 and b2 revolve around theirrespective axes b3 and b4 in unison.

Secured between the plates E E is a forging die F which is of squareexterior form as shown in Fig, 4, and is provided with an interiorforging face of volute-spiral formi. e. said forging face is curved, theradius of said curve being progressively shortened from one end of saidforging face to the other, so that the pass through said die, as seenfrom one end to the other, is tapering or volute in form. Securedbetween the plates E E is a duplicate forging die F, thus supporting thedie F upon the axis b2 of the wheel and ring` B2 b2,- the two dies F andF being thus supported interjacent to each other.

Referring to Fig. 7, the end thereon indicated by the reference letter fhas a shorter radius than the end j, the radii. of the volute-spiralforging surface f2 gradually iucreasing in length from the end f thereofto the end f so that the volute-spiral pass through said dies F and F',looking at the ends thereof hav-ing the largest radius, is

in Fig. 8.

tapered or conical to correspond with the taper produced on that portionof the work piece being operated upon.

- In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown means for adapt ing the machine heretoforedescribed to forging the walls of a pieinedV billet or tube H, whichconsists in `providing a mandrel (i (see Fig. 8) within the forging diesF and F against which said dies forge the metal of the tube.

This mandrel is shown of uniform diameter and the stem g thereof extendsback out ofthe pass of the machine and rests in an open bearing in thetop of a pedestal g", which is adapted to support the same verticallyand resist the longitudinal feeding strain exerted thereon by themachine as the billet or tube lil is being drawn into the machine by thediagonal volute-spiral forging dies F and F; said tube or billet beingthereby yforced to travel longitudinally with relation to said dies andVmandrel; said mandrel remainingl stationary and in position to resistthe forging strain of said dies ljust as an anvil'does with relationtothe J' hammer of a `forging press.

The mandrel G and stem g is free to rotate in unison with the billet Handdies F and F during the operation of the machine, and is providedwith a flange g2 on the rear end thereof, which, by engagement with'thepedestal g" prevents the longitudinal movement of the mandrel, whileleaving it free to rotate therewith. This mandrel G being of uniformdiameter is suitable for reducing the outside diameter of billets ortubes.

In Fig. 9 I show a tapered mandrel Gr in opposition to the forging diesF and F, which is adapted to enable the machine to reduce the internaldiameter as well as the outside diameter of the tube or billet H. lnorder to control the thickness of the wall of the finished tube ljhaveprovided a pedestal .l inthe upperend of which is mounted a slide Jwhich is provided with an adjusting screw having a hand-wheel j by meansof which the slide J canbe moved toward or from the forging diesin themachine. This slide is provided with an open-journal bearingadapted toreceive the mandrel stem .g and against which the flange .gr/2 operatesas It is obvious that if drawn backward, the forging dies will leave thetube wall thicker than if the mandrel is allowed to move further forwardthrough the dies, so that by means of a tapered mandrel l can reduce theinternal and external diameters of a billet or tube H, as well asregulate the thickness of the walls of the finished tube. i l

In operation a properly yheated billet is introduced into the pass ofthe machine and is grasped by the forging dies, which press the billetfrom diametrically opposite sides,

,the mandrel G is i owing to the oset axes of revolution of said dies,the grip of said dies upon the billet travelling vbackward from theinitial point of engagement to the ends f of said dies and then the endsf of said dies again grasping the billet and the forging pressure againrepeated.

During this travel of the gripping point longitudinally, it retains aconstant transverse relation with the billet corresponding with theoffset axes of rotation of the dies, and the grip being constant, thebillet must of necessity revolve in unison with the forging dies, sothat said dies can only exert a forging pressure and the metal of thebillet is forced backward by being squeezed between the dies, instead ofby a rolling relation between the dies and billet.

It will also be evident to those skilled in the art that, the-axis ofrotation of the die F being at an angle to the axis of rotation of thedie F", they will, by their action upon the billet, steadily draw thebillet and cause .it to travel longitudinally through the machine.

Having thus fully shown and described my invention so as to enableothers to utilize the same, I do not desire to limit myself to the exactmechanism shown and described, as many modifications can be made thereinwithout departing from the scope of my invention; therefore what I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isz- 1. In a machine ofthe class described, a plurality of forging dies each having forgingsurfaces encircling the axis of the pass..

one end of said forging surface being out' of the plane of the other endthereof and the radius thereof progressively decreasing from theentrance end of the exit end thereof, said dies being interjacent ofeach other and forming a conically shaped pass therethrough, andmechanism adapted to support said dies and rotate each die around anaxis offset from the axis of the other die.

2. In a machine of the class described, a pair of duplicate forging dieseach having a forging surface encircling the axis of the pass andarranged interjacent of each other, one end of said forging surfacebeing out of the plane of the other end thereof and the radius thereofprogressively decreas-l ing from the entrance end of the exit endthereof. said forging surfaces forming a conicallv shaped pass throughsaid dies, and mechanism adapted to support said dies and rotate eachdie around an axis offset from and at an angle to the axis of the otherdie.

3. In a machine of the class described, a forging die having an internalforging surface, one end of said surface being out of the plane of theother end, the 1radius of said surface progressively decreasing from theentrance end of said die to the exit end thereof.

4. In a machine of the class described, a forging die having an internalforging surface extending once around the axis thereof, and having oneend thereof out of the plane of the other end, the radius of saidsurface progressively decreasing from the entrance end to the exit endthereof.

5. In a machine of the class described, a forging die having an internalforging surface the radius of which progressively decreases from theentrance end to the exit end and having one end thereof out of the planeof the other end, and means to support and revolve said die around itsaxis.

6. In a machine of the class described, a forging die having an internalforging surface, and means to support the same from opposite sides andcause it to revolve around its axis.

7. In a machine of the class described. a pair of spaced bearing blocks,rotatable members on each of said blocks, a pair of plates secured toeach of said rotatable! members at diametrically opposite sides thereofso as to bridge the space between said rotatable members, a forging diehaving an internal forging surface secured to said plates at oppositesides of said die, and means to cause said rotatable members and platesto revolve.

8. In a machine ofthe class described, a pair of spaced rotatablemembers adapted to revolve on a common stationary axis, a pair of bridgeplates secured on said rotatable members at dia-metrically oppositesides thereof, and integrally connecting them in a single unit, andmechanism to rotate said unit.

9. In a machine of the class described, a pair of interlaced rotatableframes mounted on stationary bearings, a forging die 4secured ineachframe the dies being arranged interjacent of each other, and

mechanism to cause said frames to rotate.v

10. In a machine of the class described, a plurality of pairs of spaced.stationary journal-bearings each pair having a common axis, rotatablemembers mounted on said bearings, and plates bridging the space betweenthe rotating members on each spaced llOO duplicates of the firstmentioned rotatable members mounted on the last mentioned journalbearings, plates bridging the space between the last mentioned rotatablemembers and uniting them into integral rotat able units, the said irstand last mentioned bridge plates alternating with and being interjacentof each other, and mechanism to rotate said rotatable units.

l2. In a machine of the class described, a base frame, upright endframes on said base frame, a pair oi journal bearings secured on eachupright end frame, one of each pair of said journal bearings on one endframe having a common axis with an alternate journal bearing on theother end frame and offset from the axis of the other journal bearings,rotatable members mounted on said journal bearings, plates secured toand bridging the space between the rotatable members mounted on saidjournal bearings having identical common axes, a forging die securedbetween each pair of said bridge plates and arranged interjacentot eachother, and mechanism to rotate said rotatable mechanism.

13. In a machine of the class described, aI

Wheel rotatably mounted at each end of the machine upon 'axes oiisetfrom each other, and a ring rotatably mounted adjacent to the inner faceof each of said wheels upon axes common with the wheel at the nopponsite end of the machine, bridge plates n tegrally uniting eachoi:l saidrings with the wheel on the axis of' said ring, a forging die securedbetween each pair of bridge plates and arranged to operate in oppositionto each other, and mechanism to rotate said wheels.

In testimony whereof I ax my signature.

DAVID R. GILL.

